A. Tick the correct answer:-

1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 

B. Differentiate between the following:-

1. Sexual reproduction is the sexual method of reproduction in which a egg of a female animal unites with the male sperm to form a zygote.

    Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction by which an offspring arises from a single organisms.

2. In internal fertilization sperm cell unites with an egg cell inside the body  of organism.

   In external fertilization a sperm cell unites with an egg cell outside the body of organism.

3. Male reproductive system produce sperm whereas female reproductive system gives ovum.

4. In Vivaparous animals internal fertilization takes place.

      External fertilization in oviparous bodies.

C. Give one word answer for each of the following:-

1. Self fertilization 2. Hermaphrodite 3.  Water 4.  Zygote.

D. Match column A with column B:-

1. Self fertilization 2. Muscular tube 3. Female eggs 4. Fertilized egg 5. Asexual reproduction.

E. Give two examples for each of the following:-

1. Snails , earthworms 2.Oestrogen,progesterone 3. Humans,cows 4.Birds, frogs.

F. Give reason for each of the following:-

1. To protect their heritage.

2. To produce new offspring.

3. The eggs have four membranes, the amnion, the allantois,  the yolk sac and the chorion.

4. The sperms are flagellated because they have to swim in water.

G. Write true or false:-

1. False 2. True 3. False 4. True 5. False.

H. Circle the odd one out:-

1. Mammals 2. Diploid 3. Foetus 4. Dog

I. Fill in the blanks

1. Mitosis 2. Tadpole 3. Epidermis 4. Biological 5. Asexual 

J. Short answer questions:-

1. Reproduction is the biological process by which the offspring on new organism produced from the parents.

           Self fertilization is process in which the sperm of an animal is fertilized by its own eggs.

    Cross fertilization is process in which two different organism donates the egg and sperm for fertilization to occur.

2. Puberty refers to the physical changes that occur in a child's body to evidence that child is becoming mature or growing into an adult.

3. Binary fission, the type of a sexual reproduction in which animal reproduce by dividing into two individuals is called binary fission.

4. Metamorphosis term refers to a profound change, that happens from one stage to the next in the life cycle of an organism.

5. The four stages are eggs, pupa, larva and adult mosquito.

K. Long answer questions:-

1. Sexual reproduction is the sexual method of reproduction in which egg of a female unites with up male sperm cell formed zygote. This process is called fertilization.

       In this feristillation two different organisms donate egg and sperm. The offspring inherites features from both the parents.

2.  In human, the reproduction is sexual which involves two different sexes mainly male and female. The fertilization is internal process which takes place in female reproductive organs between women's ovum and men's sperm.

      The entire male reproductive system is depend on hormones. It includes male sex organs mainly a of testis which is protected by scrotum. Sperm are produced by the testis. The epidermis is a sperm strong area. Sperms are released with semen. The prostate gland produces large portion of fluid that makes up semen. The penis is man male external sexual organ that transports semen into female's vagina.

3. The female reproductive organs include vagina,uterus,uterine tubes and ovaries. Ovaries produce eggs called the ova. The fertilization of egg by sperm occurs in fallopian tubes. Which connects the ovaries to uterus. The foetus grows in uterus. The cervix is the narrow entry between vagina and uterus. The vagina is the place where semen enters into female's body. The vulva surrounds the urethral opening and vagina.

     The fertilized ovum becomes an embryo, develops into foetus and gestated until child's birth.

4. In human embryogenesis is the development of zygote to an adult human after fertilization of sperm with an egg.

      The zygote divides by mitosis beginning production of cells necessary for human body. It includes first 8 weeks of development.

5. The frog passes through three different and distinct stages of development beginning from the hatching of the 1 and ending at the adult stage.

Egg------>Tadpole (larva)------>Adult.

The tadpole which touches out of the egg looks very different.

6. Budding is an asexual mode of reproduction in which a new organism grows in the form of a bulb light projection on the parent organism. It grows and then eventually separates from the parent organism. This type of a sexual reproduction is exhibited by hydra.

Draw yourself the diagram of budding in hydra figure 9.12 from the page number 139.